For troubleshooting, your Mogul should be able to operate by its self without being connected to the tender.
But Moguls should be connected to their tenders that provide two additional track pickup points that provide supplemental track power to your Mogul’s main circuit board. Turn your Mogul upside down onto some type of craddle to hold it steady…I use a foam craddle. Then with your DC Power Supply turned on to 5 - 10 volts, touch the two wires from it to the front wheels set and the motor and lights should activate; then do it with the slider shoe set; and finally the rear wheels set. If your Mogul’s motor doesn’t start moving when you do this test, then you know there’s some problem on one or more of the internals in the motor block. Sometimes the metal strips that contact the carbon brushes inside the motor block are not seating properly.
Note that your LGB 23191 Mogul was produced in two different configurations: One has a 6-Pin DCC Interface Connector for connecting a DCC Locomotive/Function Decoder or DCC Sound Decoder; the other version has a factory-installed MTS/DCC Decoder, non-sound. Note that the LGB locomotives produced by the original LGB Company with their MTS/DCC Onboard Decoders Installed do operate a little differently in DC analog power than just the DC analog operating locomotives. On many DCC/DCC decoders for large scale, there’s a 1 - 2 volts reduction at the output terminals on the decoder from the voltage at the track. The decoder also applies momentum control to the motor’s operation which isn’t present in the basic DC analog boards installed.
For your Mogul which weighs about 7 pounds, you should use a DC power supply of at least 2 amps for optimum performance.
What’s the latest status on your efforts to fix your Mogul’s operation?