For a 5" carbody width, at 1:24 scale, it is 120 inches, or 10 prototype feet.
I just now stuck a scale on one of my Bachmann GE 45 tonners. It is 5 3/4" wide. At 1:20 Scale, that is 117" or just 3" short of 10’. I used the B’mann GE, as I have personally measured several similar prototype GE locomotives (44, 45 ton & variants) at the Pacific Locomotive Association’s Niles Canyon Railway & Museum, and the B’mann model dimensions scale out very well.
I agree that a scale model (or at least near scale model) would be ‘huge,’ but that’s what happens when a modern SG carbody & frame is put on NG trucks. And that arrangement is pretty common among NG railroads that lasted into the diesel age.
Thinking of the pix of Ray’s beautifully detailed mountain railway, I would guess a 5" wide locomotive the length of the RS-3 would have clearance problems galore. Ray would definitely need several carloads of dynamite to modify his gorge area’s geography to accommodate an RS-3 sized locomotive!
I assume something like SPNG #1, AKA Little Giant, would be similar in width.
One more thought: Ray’s RR is 1:24 scale running on 45mm gauge track. That means his rails are 42 prototype inches apart. The SG (56.5") carbody is 10’ wide. This is a track gauge to cab width ratio of 2.12. Keeping that same track gauge to cab width ratio for Ray’s 42" gauge track, the cab would be ~89 prototype inches wide. That scales to ~3.72" at 1:24 scale. What is the width of the RS-3? Maybe it mostly needs to be taller, leaving the width and length alone to create a believable large IC engine.
I just measured several nominally 1:22.5 scale locomotives. They are between 3 1/2" (a tiny 0-4-0) and 4 1/4" (a 2-6-6=2 Mallet), so the 3.72" width at 1:24 scale should be believable.
Happy RRing,
Jerry