Hello everyone;
This is the reply I got from the NMRA.
Regarding your question, there are no weight standards in Large Scale.
Most plastic freight cars weigh about 12 oz. (with plastic wheelsets). Typically modelers will add metal wheelsets. That adds enough weight without adding additional friction (and drag) to the journals (and lowers the center of gravity) that most cars work reliably.
There are variables based on flange depth, turnout quality, and track linear “twist”. The later is actually a common cause of derailments (especially in outdoor layouts). This is when the two rails have a short section where they are not at the same height. Often this is on a straight piece of track (on a curve superelevation can cause the same problem). The cure is not adding more weight however. The best fix is realigning the rail heights and secondly adding equalization to the trucks (or improving their equalization).
Brass cars typically weigh upto 7 lbs. Many modelers will use ball bearing wheelsets to reduce drag.
With both Plastic and Brass cars, typically excess weight is not added because it directly affects engine pulling ability, especially in curves and on grades.
Hope the above was helpful. If you have any further questions please contact me directly.
Sincerely,
Gary Raymond
NMRA Large Scale Technical Coordinator